Bulgarien
De-Ottomanisation of Land. Muslim Migrations and Ownership in the Bulgarian Countryside after 1878
By Krzysztof Popek, Ph.D Land was of crucial importance to the Bulgarian society, which until the mid-20th century primarily inhabited rural areas, and was mainly…
Muslim Emigration from the Balkan Peninsula in the 19th Century: A Historical Outline
By Krzysztof Popek, Ph.D The 19th century was a tempestuous time for the Balkans. There were wars, revolts against local liege lords, battles between armed…
“To Cut Down the Forest of Minarets”: The Transformation of Bulgarian Cities After 1878
By Krzysztof Popek, Ph.D The period in Bulgarian history after the Liberation and the creation of the modern state in 1878 was linked to the…
Multilingual or Monolingual? The Minority Languages in Bulgaria after 1878
By Krzysztof Popek, Ph.D At the end of the 19th century, the Bulgarian lands were not ethnically homogenous. In 1887, about 73.75% (2 326 250)…
The Emigration of Muslims from the Greek state in the 19th century. An Outline
By Krzysztof Popek, Ph.D Although Greece itself does not want to be treated as one of the Balkan countries, the Greek experience of the period…
“To Get Rid of Turks”. The South-Slavic States and Muslim Remigration in the Turn of 1870s and 1880s
By Krzysztof Popek, Ph.D The Great Eastern Crisis (1875–1878) led to migrations on an incomparable scale in the Balkan Peninsula. The Russian-Turkish War of 1877–1878…
Liberation and exile: The fate of civilians during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 in Bulgarian and Turkish historiography
by Krzysztof Popek, Ph.D The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 is traditionally called the “Liberation War” by Bulgarians. The conflict led to gaining freedom from the…